#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

void show_fmtflags(ios_base& stream);

int main()
{
    // save the initial cout flags settings
    ios_base::fmtflags cout_fmtflags = cout.flags();

    // Display the cout flags
    show_fmtflags(cin);
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    show_fmtflags(cerr);
    show_fmtflags(clog);
    cout << endl;

    int x = 123;

    // hex, oct, & dec manipulators
    cout << "dec: x = " << dec << x << endl;
    cout << "hex: x = " << hex << x << endl;
    cout << "oct: x = " << oct << x << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // Turn on showpos, uppercase, showpoint, left, hex
    cout << setiosflags(ios::showpos|ios::uppercase|ios::showpoint|
                        ios::showbase|ios::left|ios::hex);
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << "x = " << x << endl << endl;

    // Clear the oct flag
    cout << resetiosflags(ios::oct) << "x = " << x << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // Demonstrate the setfill and setw manipulators
    cout << setfill('$') << setw(10) << "x = " << x << endl;
    cout << "x = " << x << endl << endl;

    // Reset cout's flags back to the original settings
    cout.flags(cout_fmtflags);

    // Turn on hex
    cout << hex << "x = " << x << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // Turn on octal
    cout << oct << "x = " << x << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // Demonstrate setprecision
    cout << setprecision(3) << 1.2 << ' ' << 3.14 << ' ' << 35 << ' ' << 3.14159 << endl;

    // Demonstrate setprecision with showpoint
    cout << showpoint << 1.2 << ' ' << 3.14 << ' ' << 35 << ' ' << 3.14159 << endl;

    // Demonstrate showpos
    cout << showpos << 1.2 << ' ' << 3.14 << ' ' << 35 << ' ' << 3.14159 << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // Back to decimal
    cout << dec <<  1.2 << ' ' << 3.14 << ' ' << 35 << ' ' << 3.14159 << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
    cout << endl;

    // What is truth?
    cout << true << ' ' << boolalpha << true << endl;
    show_fmtflags(cout);
}


void show_fmtflags(ios_base& stream)
{
    cout << (&stream == &cout ? "cout " : "");
    cout << (&stream == &cerr ? "cerr " : "");
    cout << (&stream == &clog ? "clog " : "");
    cout << (&stream == &cin  ? "cin  " : "");

    cout << "fmtflags set: ";

    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::boolalpha  ? "boolalpha " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::dec        ? "dec " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::fixed      ? "fixed " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::hex        ? "hex " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::internal   ? "internal " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::left       ? "left " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::oct        ? "oct " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::right      ? "right " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::scientific ? "scientific " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::showbase   ? "showbase " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::showpoint  ? "showpoint " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::showpos    ? "showpos " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::skipws     ? "skipws " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::unitbuf    ? "unitbuf " : "");
    cout << (stream.flags() & ios::uppercase  ? "uppercase " : "");
    cout << endl;
}